Application of urethral plate widening glans penis combined with lamellar surgical techniques in the treatment of hypospadias with small glans penis / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the effects of lamellar surgical techniques with urethral plate to strengthen the tissue of glans penis to widen the two flanks of glans penis on the basis of Duckett method in the treatment of congenital hypospadias with small glans penis deformity. 【Methods】 A total of 22 patients admitted to our hospital during Jun.2017 and Oct.2020 were involved. Urethral plate was used to replace the glans penis tissue to widen the two flanks of glans penis based on Duckett method. Lamellar surgical techniques were adopted to fully dissociate the two flanks of glans penis and urethral plate for urethroplasty. 【Results】 Of the 22 operations, 19 were successful,with a success rate of 86.3%. The success rate of penile head urethroplasty reached 96.1%. 【Conclusion】 Widening the glans penis by using the urethral plate based on Duckett method combined with lamellar surgical techniques can improve the success rate of glans penis urethroplasty.

Effects of the ROCK1 gene on proliferation and migration of and related molecular expression in keloid fibroblasts / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To investigate effects of the ROCK1 gene on proliferation and migration of and related molecular expression in keloid fibroblasts.Methods:Immunohistochemical technique was used to detect ROCK1 protein expression in human keloids and normal skin tissues, and Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expression of ROCK1, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and E-cadherin in keloid tissues. In vitro cultured human keloid fibroblasts (HKFs) were divided into 4 groups: ROCK1 gene overexpression control group (ROCK1 NC group) transfected with ROCK1 gene overexpression control vectors, ROCK1 gene overexpression group (ROCK1 OE group) transfected with ROCK1 gene overexpression vectors, ROCK1 gene knockdown control group (sh NC group) transfected with ROCK1 gene knockdown control vectors, and ROCK1 gene knockdown group (shROCK1 group) transfected with ROCK1 gene knockdown vectors. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay was performed to evaluate the effect of ROCK1 gene on the survival rate of HKFs, Transwell assay to evaluate the effect on the migration of HKFs, and real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis were conducted to determine the mRNA and protein expression of ROCK1, TGF-β1 and E-cadherin, respectively. Results:Immunohistochemical study showed that ROCK1 protein expression decreased significantly in the human keloid tissues compared with the normal tissues ( t = 6.47, P = 0.003) ; Western blot analysis showed that the expression levels of ROCK1 and E-cadherin significantly decreased ( t = 14.02, 162.20, respectively, both P < 0.001), while TGF-β1 expression significantly increased ( t = 76.01, P < 0.001) in the keloid tissues compared with the expression levels of corresponding proteins in the normal tissues. CCK8 assay showed that the cell activity was significantly lower in the ROCK1 OE group than in the ROCK1 NC group after 24-hour transfection ( t = 3.25, 3.78, P = 0.031, 0.019, respectively), and significantly higher in the shROCK1 group than in the sh NC group ( t = 3.12, 2.79, P = 0.036, 0.049, respectively). Transwell assay showed that the number of migratory cells was significantly lower in the ROCK1 OE group than in the ROCK1 NC group ( t = 5.17, P = 0.004), and significantly higher in the shROCK1 group than in the sh NC group ( t = 9.28, P < 0.001). Compared with the ROCK1 NC group, the ROCK1 OE group showed significantly increased mRNA and protein expression levels of ROCK1 and E-cadherin ( P < 0.05 or < 0.001), but decreased mRNA and protein expression levels of TGF-β1 (both P < 0.001) ; compared with the sh NC group, the shROCK1 group showed significantly decreased mRNA and protein expression levels of ROCK1 and E-cadherin ( P < 0.05 or < 0.001), but significantly increased mRNA and protein expression levels of TGF-β1 ( P = 0.005 or < 0.001) . Conclusions:The ROCK1 gene can inhibit the proliferation and migration of HKFs. Overexpression of the ROCK1 gene can down-regulate the TGF-β1 gene expression and up-regulate the E-cadherin gene expression in HKFs.

Correlation between the polymorphism of erythrocyte membrane blood group glycoprotein A (GPA) related gene GYPA and clonorchis sinensis infection / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To analyze the polymorphism of erythrocyte membrane blood group glycoprotein A (GPA) related gene GYPA in high and low endemic population for clonidia sinensis infection, aimed at investigating the correlation between erythrocyte transmembrane glycoproteins and clonorchis sinensis infection. 【Methods】 From Dec 2019 to Jun 2020, anticoagulant blood samples were randomly collected in WuMing district (n=700) and GuiGang district (n=500 ) of Nanning city, and the IgG antibody to clonorchis sinensis in plasma was detected, and the DNA of leukocyte was extracted. The full-length exon and partial intron of GYPA gene were sequenced, mutations were characterized by gene cloning, and the risk of infection was calculated by chi-square test. 【Results】 The yield rate of IgG antibody was 62.7% (439/700) in WuMing district and 3.4% (17/500) in GuiGang district(P<0.05). The insertion of base C at the 54th position of intron-2 in GYPA gene caused the reading frame shift. The mutation was presented in 23.9% (105/439) and 17.6% (3/17) of the population with clonorchis sinensis exposure in WuMing and GuiGang area, respectively, while 49.4% (129/261) and 54.7% (264/483) in the negative population, respectively (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The infection rate of clonorchis sinensis in WuMing district was higher than that in GuiGang district. The mutation rate of reading frame shift caused by the insertion of base C at the 54th position of GYPA intron-2 was much lower in the positive population of clonorchis sinensis infection than the negative population, suggesting that the mutation is a protective gene in the negative population of clonorchis sinensis infection. It is necessary to study the mechanism of clonorchis sinensis infection and the mutation point of this gene in order to facilitate the early diagnosis of disease, blood transfusion management, treatment and prevention.

Structural characteristics and catalytic cycle of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase-a review / 生物工程学报

Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase is a flavin-dependent mitochondrial enzyme to catalyze the fourth step of the de novo synthesis of pyrimidine and to oxidize dihydroorotate to orotate. By selectively inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, thereby inhibiting pyrimidine synthesis, the enzyme has been developed for the treatment of cancer, autoimmune diseases, bacterial or viral infections, parasitic diseases and so on. The development of inhibitory drugs requires a detailed understanding of the structural characteristics and catalytic cycle mechanism of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase. Therefore, this paper reviews these two aspects, and indicates perspectives of these inhibitors in clinical application.

Regulation of hypoxia inducible factor-1α on permeability of vascular endothelial cells and the mechanism / 中华烧伤杂志

Objective@#To investigate the regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) on permeability of rat vascular endothelial cells and the mechanism.@*Methods@#Twelve male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 35 to 38 days were collected and vascular endothelial cells were separated and cultured. The morphology of cells was observed after 4 days of culture, and the following experiments were performed on the 2nd or 3rd passage of cells. (1) Rat vascular endothelial cells were collected and divided into blank control group, negative control group, HIF-1α interference sequence 1 group, HIF-1α interference sequence 2 group, and HIF-1α interference sequence 3 group according to the random number table (the same grouping method below), with 3 wells in each group. Cells in negative control group, HIF-1α interference sequence 1 group, HIF-1α interference sequence 2 group, and HIF-1α interference sequence 3 group were transfected with GV248 empty plasmid, recombinant plasmid respectively containing HIF-1α interference sequence 1, interference sequence 2, and interference sequence 3 with liposome 2000. Cells in blank control group were only transfected with liposome 2000. After transfection of 24 h, expression levels of HIF-1α mRNA and protein of cells in each group were respectively detected by reverse transcription real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting (the same detecting methods below) . The sequence with the highest interference efficiency was selected. (2) Another batch of rat vascular endothelial cells were collected and divided into blank control group, negative control group, and HIF-1α low expression group, with 3 wells in each group. Cells in blank control group were only transfected with liposome 2000, and cells in negative control group and HIF-1α low expression group were respectively transfected with GV248 empty plasmid and low expression HIF-1α recombinant plasmid selected in experiment (1) with liposome 2000. After 14 days of culture, the mRNA and protein expressions of HIF-1α in each group were detected. (3) Another batch of rat vascular endothelial cells were collected and divided into blank control group, negative control group, and HIF-1α high expression group, with 3 wells in each group. Cells in blank control group were transfected with liposome 2000, and cells in negative control group and HIF-1α high expression group were respectively transfected with GV230 empty plasmid and HIF-1α high expression recombinant plasmid with liposome 2000. After 14 days of culture, the mRNA and protein expressions of HIF-1α of cells in each group were detected. (4) After transfection of 24 h, cells of three groups in experiment (1) and three groups in experiment (2) were collected, and mRNA and protein expressions of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), phosphorylated myosin light chain (p-MLC), and zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) of cells were detected. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance and t test.@*Results@#After 4 days of culture, the cells were spindle-shaped, and rat vascular endothelial cells were successfully cultured. (1) The interference efficiencies of HIF-1α of cells in HIF-1α interference sequence 1 group, HIF-1α interference sequence 2 group, and HIF-1α interference sequence 3 group were 47.66%, 45.79%, and 62.62%, respectively, and the interference sequence 3 group had the highest interference efficiency. After transfection of 24 h, the mRNA and protein expression levels of HIF-1α of cells in interference sequence 3 group were significantly lower than those in blank control group (t=18.404, 9.140, P<0.01) and negative control group (t=15.099, 7.096, P<0.01). (2) After cultured for 14 days, the mRNA and protein expression levels of HIF-1α of cells in HIF-1α low expression group were significantly lower than those in blank control group (t=21.140, 5.440, P<0.01) and negative control group (t= 14.310, 5.210, P<0.01). (3) After cultured for 14 days, the mRNA and protein expression levels of HIF-1α of cells in HIF-1α high expression group were significantly higher than those in blank control group (t=19.160, 7.710, P<0.01) and negative control group (t= 19.890, 7.500, P<0.01). (4) After transfection of 24 h, the mRNA expression levels of MLCK and p-MLC of cells in HIF-1α low expression group were significantly lower than those in blank control group (t=2.709, 4.011, P<0.05 or P<0.01) and negative control group (t=2.373, 3.744, P<0.05 or P<0.01). The mRNA expression level of ZO-1 of cells in HIF-1α low expression group was significantly higher than that in blank control group and negative control group (t=4.285, 5.050, P<0.01). The mRNA expression levels of MLCK and p-MLC of cells in HIF-1α high expression group were significantly higher than those in blank control group (t=9.118, 11.313, P<0.01) and negative control group (t=9.073, 11.280, P<0.01). The mRNA expression level of ZO-1 of cells in HIF-1α high expression group was significantly lower than that in blank control group and negative control group (t=2.889, 2.640, P<0.05). (5) After transfection of 24 h, the protein expression levels of MLCK and p-MLC of cells in HIF-1α low expression group were significantly lower than those in blank control group (t=2.652, 3.983, P<0.05 or P<0.01) and negative control group (t=2.792, 4.065, P<0.05 or P<0.01). The protein expression of ZO-1 of cells in HIF-1α low expression group was significantly higher than that in blank control group and negative control group (t=3.881, 3.570, P<0.01). The protein expression levels of MLCK and p-MLC of cells in HIF-1α high expression group were 1.18±0.24 and 0.68±0.22, which were significantly higher than 0.41±0.21 and 0.35±0.14 in blank control group (t=5.011, 3.982, P<0.05 or P<0.01) and 0.43±0.20 and 0.36±0.12 in negative control group (t= 4.880, 3.862, P<0.05 or P<0.01). The protein expression level of ZO-1 of cells in HIF-1α high expression group was 0.08±0.06, which was significantly lower than 0.20±0.09 in blank control group and 0.19±0.09 in negative control group (t=4.178, 3.830, P<0.05 or P<0.01).@*Conclusions@#HIF-1α up-regulates expressions of MLCK and p-MLC and down-regulates expression of ZO-1, thereby increasing the permeability of rat vascular endothelial cells.

Analysis of small-middle endoscopic sphincterotomy combined with endoscopic papillary balloon dilation for patients with extrahepatic bile duct stone / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of small-middle endoscopic sphincterotomy combined with endoscopic papillary balloon dilation for patients with extrahepatic bile duct stone. Methods The patients with special duodenal papilla included 38 cases, and those with normal duodenal papilla 143 cases. 38 patients had received SEST + EPBD, 143 had received MEST + EPBD. Results 181 patients had received SMEST + EPBD in our hospital and the related data were retrospectively analyzed. All 181 patients were successfully removed, the success rate was 100.00 %. There was no perforation occurred postoperatively, but mild acute pancreatitis occurred in 8 patients (4.42 %, 8/181) and bleeding occurred in 9 patients. The three major early complications rate were 9.93 %(17/181), which was cured by the conservative management. Conclusion SMEST plus EPBD is a safe and effective treatment for extrahepatic bile duct stone, with retaining the feature of sphincter of duodenal papilla, especially for patients with special duodenal papilla.

Chemical constituents of Halenia elliptica / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents of Halenia elliptica.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The air-dried whole plants of Halenia elliptica were extracted with 90% EtOH. The EtOH extract was condensed to a small amount of volume and extracted with petroleum ether, EtOAc and n-BuOH, successively. The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography from the EtOAc fraction, and identified based on spectral analyses (MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>12 compounds were isolated from H. elliptica, and characterized as 8-hydroxy-2-methylchromone (1), 5-methoxy-2-methylchromone (2), 7-epi-vogeloside (3), coniferl aldehyde (4), sinapaldehyde (5), norbellidifolin (6), 1-hydroxyl-2,3,4,6-tetramethoxyxanthone (7), 1-hydroxyl-2,3,4,7-tetramethoxyxanthone (8), 1-hydroxyl-2,3,5-trimethoxyxanthone (9), together with azelaic acid, beta-sitosterol, and oleanolic acid.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 1, 2 were new natural compounds and compounds 3-6, 10 were obtained from H. elliptica for the first time and compound 6 showed inhibitory activities against HBsAg and HBeAg secretion with IC50 value of 0.77 and < 0.62 mmol x L(-1), respectively.</p>

Chemical constituents of Swertia hispidicalyx / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents of Swertia hispidicalyx.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The EtOAc part of S. hispidicalyx was chromatographied by various column chromatography methods, and the isolates were identified based on spectroscopic analyses (MS, 1H-and 13C-NMR).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Eleven compounds were isolated from S. hispidicalyx and characterized as 1,3,5,8-tetrahydroxyxanthone (1), 1,5,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone (2), gentiolactone (3), swertiamarin (4), 3,4-dihydro-1H,6H,8H-naphtho [1, 2-c:4, 5-c', d'] dipyrano-1,8-dione (5), (+)-syringaresinol (6), trans-coniferyl aldehyde (7), maslinic acid (8), oleanolic acid (9), daucosterol (10), and -sitosterol (11).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 1-11 were obtained from S. hispidicalyx for the first time.</p>

New isoprenylated flavonoid from Morus alba / 中国中药杂志

Sanggenol P (1), a new isoprenylated flavonoid, together with nine known ones, cyclomorusin (2), morusin (3), mulberrofuran G (4), sanggenol A (5), sanggenol L (6), sanggenol N (7), cyclomulberrin (8), cyclocommunol (9) and ursolic acid (10) was isolated from Morus alba L. Sanggenol P (1) was characterized based on extensive IR, UV, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 5, 6, 7 and 9 were obtained from this plant for the first time.

Chemical constituents from rhizomes of Illicium henryi / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents of Illicium henryi.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Column chromatographic techniques using silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, Rp-8 and Rp-18 as packing materials were applied to isolate constituents. The structures of isolates were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data analyses.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Twelve compounds were isolated from the rhizomes of I. henryi, which were characterized as balanophonin (1), aviculin (2), rubriflosides A (3), 1,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-propanediol (4), jasopyran (5), kaempferol (6), quercetin (7), (2R, 3R)-3, 5, 7, 3', 5'- pentahydroxyflavan (8), 3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl-1-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (9), 3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl-1-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (10), coniferyl aldehyde (11), sinapaldehyde (12), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All the isolates were obtained for the first time from this plant.</p>

Chemical constituents of Swertia macrosperma / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents of Swertia macrosperma.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The air-dried whole plants of Swertia macrosperma were extracted with boiling water. The extract was concentrated to a small amount of volume and extracted with petroleum ether, EtOAc and n-BuOH, successively. The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography from the EtOAc fraction, and identified based on spectral analyses (MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Thirteen compounds were isolated from S. macrosperma, and were characterized as norbellidifolin (1), 1-hydroxy-3,7, 8-trimethoxy-xanthone (2), norswertianolin (3), swertianolin (4), 1,3,7,8-tetrahydroxyxanthone-8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5), swertiamatin (6), decentapicrin (7), coniferl aldehyde (8), sinapaldehyde (9), balanophonin (10), together with beta-sitosterol, daucosterol, and oleanolic acid .</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 2, 4-10 were obtained from Swertia macrosperma for the first time.</p>

Chemical constituents from Piper longum / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents of Piper longum.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The whole plant of air-dried P. longum was extracted with 95% EtOH. The EtOH extract was suspended in H2O and extracted with petroleum ether, CHCl3 and n-BuOH, successively. The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography from the CHCl3 fraction, and identified based on spectral analyses (MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Eleven compounds were isolated from P. longum, and were characterized as coumaperine (1), N-5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2E-pentenoyl piperidine (2), piperolactam A (3), 1-[1-oxo-5 (3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl) -2E,4E-pentadienyl] -pirrolidine (4), 1-[1-oxo-5 (3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl) -2E-pentenyl] -pirrolidine (5), 1-[1-oxo-9 (3,4-methylene dioxyphenyl)-2E, 8E-nonadienyl] -pyrrolidine (6), (R)-(-) -turmerone (7), octahydro-4-hydroy-3alpha-methyl-7-methylene-alpha-(1-methylethyl)-1H-indene-1-methanol (8), (+) -aphanamol I (9), bisdemethoxycurcumin (10), demethoxycurcumin (11).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 1-11 were obtained from P. longum for the first time.</p>

Chemical constituents from air-dried Piper longum / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents of Piper longum.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The whole plant of air-dried P. longum. was extracted with 95% EtOH. The EtOH extract was suspended in H2O and extracted with petroleum ether, CHC13 and n-BuOH, successively. The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography from the CHCl3 fraction, and identified based on spectral analyses (MS,1H-NMR, 13C-NMR).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Threeteen compounds were isolated from P. longum, and were characterized as 1-(3',4'-methylenedioxyphenyl)-1E-tetradecene (1), 3-(3', 4'-methylenedioxophenyl)-propenal (2), piperoic acid (3), 3',4'-di-hydroxy-biabola-1,10-diene (4), eudesm-4(15)-ene-1beta, 6alpha-diol (5), 7-epi- eudesm-4( 15)-ene-1beta, 6beta-diol (6), guineesine (7), piperine (8), pipericide (9), 2E, 4E-dienamide (10), (2E, 4E, 8E) -N-isobutylhenicosa-2,4,8-trienamide (11), piperlonguminine (12), methyl piperate (13),</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 1-6 were obtained from P. longum for the first time.</p>

A report of 23 cases of middle and lOW rectal carcinoma in the elderly treated with trans-sphincteric local resection(Mason's operation) / 中华全科医师杂志

Clinical data of 23 elderly patients with rectal cancer undergoing trans-sphincteric local resection(TSLR, Mason's operation)were retrospectively analyzed. All the 23 patients were followed-up for three to seven years after operation, 18 with normal or good fecal continence(78%), five just in fair condition(22%)and none in fecal incontinence. Three-year survival was 83 percent(19/23)and 5-year survival was 78 percent(18/23)for them. It is suggested that TSLR is a safe, feasible and effective treatment for middle and low rectal cancer in the elderly with a long term survival and satisfactory quality of life.